Ask & Learn聞問(wèn)切英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ):Present Perfect
今期繼續(xù)回答 Calvin 的問(wèn)題。他從網(wǎng)上新聞看到一句:Around two dozen Tibetans have set themselves on fire to protest repressive Chinese rule in the past year. 想問(wèn)作者為什么不用 simple past,而用 present perfect?
沒(méi)錯(cuò),這句的確可以用 simple past。文法就這個(gè)問(wèn)題的規(guī)定很簡(jiǎn)單,只要句子明確顯示事件發(fā)生在過(guò)去(句中時(shí)間為 "past year"),就可以用simple past。
但這句同時(shí)又可以用 present perfect。因此,Calvin 問(wèn)的不單是文法問(wèn)題,而是修辭問(wèn)題。
我們比較以下兩句:
1. Around two dozen Tibetans set themselves on fire to protest repressive Chinese rule in the past year.
2. Around two dozen Tibetans have set themselves on fire to protest repressive Chinese rule in the past year.
第一句只不過(guò)把在過(guò)去一年自殘的人數(shù)說(shuō)出來(lái),語(yǔ)氣比較客觀,純屬敘述;而第二句因采用了 present perfect 的關(guān)系,暗示故事還沒(méi)有結(jié)束:去年是二十多人,但自殘的人數(shù)還在增加。
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